ANAL FISSURE
WHAT IS AN ANAL FISSURE?
An anal fissure is a crack or tear in the lower end of anal canal.
It is the most painful condition affecting the anal region. Commonly seen in people of 20-40 age group.
WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF FISSURES?
ACUTE ANAL FISSURE
Fissure present less than 6 weeks are calledacute anal fissures.
The patient has severe sphincter spasm, a small crack in the lower anal canal.
CHRONIC ANAL FISSURE
Fissure present for more than 6 weeks is called a chronic anal fissure.
It is possible for a chronic anal fissure to have a tear large and deep enough to reveal the anal sphincter's muscle fibers.
Additionally, as a result of the recurring damage and healing cycle, the margins might occasionally seem elevated and there may be a sentinel pile, which is a thickening of tissue at the distal ends of rips.
Depending on the degree of chronicity and the state of healing, granulation tissue may or may not be present.
WHAT ARE THE CAUSES OF ANAL FISSURES?
The inner lining of the anus is frequently damaged by bowel movements or other straining of the anal canal, which results in fissures.
This could result from frequent, loose bowel motions or firm, dry bowel movements.
Anal fissures are more prone to form in patients with tight anal sphincter muscles.
Fissures can also be caused by tumors, anal infections, trauma, and less frequently, inflammatory bowel disease.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF ANAL FISSURE?
WHO ARE AT THE RISK OF GETTING ANAL FISSURE?
WHAT ARE THE COMPLICATIONS OF ANAL FISSURE?
Many anal fissures heal on their own in a few weeks, but if they don't, issues may arise. We refer to this as chronic anal fissures. A chronic wound is left behind as they strengthen themselves in a vicious cycle.
Your anal muscles may tighten and spasm as a result of pain and muscular tightness. The fissure is pulled apart by muscle tension and anal spasms, which lowers blood supply to the tissues. This makes it more painful and difficult for it to heal, which increases stress.
Anal fissures can result in further difficulties if they take too long to heal, including:
HOW TO DIAGNOSE ANAL FISSURE?
Usually the doctor does the per rectal examination and proctoscopy examinationto diagnose anal fissure.
Usually the history is classical with pain and burning which starts after passing stools and may lasts for hours.
The sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy may be necessary to rule out associated colonic pathology.
TREATMENT OF ANAL FISSURES
Initially the doctor advises high fiber foods and to avoid constipation and medications to reduce pain and laxatives for free motions and ointments for healing the fissure and sitz baths for reducing the pain.
Incase the symptoms do not settle with medical treatment the doctor may advise to do interventions.
FISSURECTOMY
In this the fissure is excised.
ANAL DILATATION
The anus is dilated reducing the resting anal pressure helping in healing of fissure.
LATERAL SPHINCTERTOMY
In this the internal anal sphincter is divided partially lowering the resting anal tone resulting in healing of fissure.
LASER TREATMENT FOR FISSURE
In this the calculated amount of joules of laser energy is delivered to the sphincter resulting in the relaxation of sphincter and also laser can be applied to the fissure resulting in healing of fissure.
DR.KUMAR is an expert in LASER TREATMENT FOR FISSURE and he has a huge experience of treating thousands of patients with fissure and can be considered as one of the BEST DOCTORS FOR FISSURE TREATMENT.